Publications

Expanding Connected Components from Alternative Terminals: Global Optimization for Freshwater Fishes Under the UN's 30x30 Conservation Goal
IJCAI 2025. Yue Mao, Zhongdi Qu, Imanol Miqueleiz, Aaron M. Ferber, Sami Wolf, Marc Grimson, Sebastian Heilpern, Felipe Siqueira Pacheco, Alexander S. Flecker, Peter B. McIntyre, Carla P. Gomes.

PhantomWiki: On-Demand Datasets for Reasoning and Retrieval Evaluation
ICML 2025. Albert Gong, Kamile Stankeviciute, Chao Wan, Anmol Kabra, Raphael Thesmar, Johann Lee, Julius Klenke, Carla P. Gomes, Kilian Q. Weinberger.

Comparative Evaluation of Deep Learning Models for Large-Scale Deforestation Mapping
IEEE International Conference on Big Data. 2025. Keyu Wan, Ranga Raju Vatsavai.

Science-Informed Multitask Transformer for Soil Property Prediction from FTIR Spectroscopy.
2025 IEEE International Conference on eScience (eScience). 2025-December. Andrei B., Rupasree D., Paahuni K., Sam L., M. Francesca C., Shrideep P., Sangmi Lee P.

Foundation Models for Semantic Segmentation of Thick/Thin Clouds and Cloud-shadows: A Comparative Study
SIGSPATIAL '25. 2025-December. Calvin Nguyen, Ranga Raju Vatsavai.

Knowledge-Guided Masked Autoencoder with Linear Spectral Mixing and Spectral-Angle-Aware Reconstruction
arXiv. 2025-December. Abdul M., Rupasree D., Tanjim Bin F., Shrideep P., Sangmi Lee P. 

TerraMAE: Learning Spatial-Spectral Representations from Hyperspectral Earth Observation Data via Adaptive Masked Autoencoders
SIGSPATIAL '25: Proceedings of the 33rd ACM International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems. 2025-December. Tanjim Bin F., Abdul M., Shrideep P., Sangmi Lee P. 

Deep Learning Based Forest Burned Area Detection
IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS). 2025-November. Kaushik Pillalamarri; Keyu Wan; Ranga Raju Vatsavai.

Distributed Hierarchical Decomposition Framework for Multimodal Timeseries Prediction.
Transactions on Machine Learning Research. 2025-November. Ye W, Khanduri P, Peng J, Tian F, Gao J, Ding J, Zhang ZL, Hong M. 2025.

Drought-induced peatland carbon loss exacerbated by elevated CO2 and warming.
Science. 2025-October. Luo, Yiqi.

BLUR: A Bi-Level Optimization Approach for LLM Unlearning
The 19th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics. 2025-October. Hong,M., Reisizadeh, H.

HyperKD: Distilling Cross-Spectral Knowledge in Masked Autoencoders via Inverse Domain Shift with Spatial-Aware Masking and Specialized Loss
Paper presented at 12th IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Advanced Analytics (DSAA). 2025-October. Pallickara S, Pallickara S,  Bin Faruk T, Matin A. 2025.

Improving Multislice Electron Ptychography
ICCVW 2025. 2025-October. Christian K. Belardi, Chia-Hao Lee, Yingheng Wang, Justin Lovelace, Kilian Q. Weinberger, David A. Muller, Carla P. Gomes

U-Prithvi: Integrating a Foundation Model and U-Net for Enhanced Flood Inundation Mappingb
Thirteenth International Conference on Geographic Information Science. 2025-August. Vit Kostejn, Yamil Essus, Jenna Abrahamson, Ranga Vatsavai.

Deep mutual learning: incentives and trust through collaborative integration of artificial intelligence into sustainability science.
Royal Society of Chemistry – Sustainability. 2025-July. Lehmann J, Gomes C, Rillig M and Shekhar S 

2025 Precision Agriculture Dealership Survey Results
CropLife Magazine, Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Dept. of Agronomy, Purdue University. 2025-July. Erickson, B., & Lowenberg-DeBoer, J.

Geofenced Unmanned Aerial Robotic Defender for Deer Detection and Deterrence (GUARD)
Novel Approaches for Precision Agriculture and Forestry with Autonomous Robots (ICRA 2025 Workshop). 2025-May. Ebasa Temesgen; Mario Jerez; Greta Brown; Graham Wilson; Sree Ganesh Lalitaditya Divakarla; Sarah Boelter; Oscar Nelson; Robert McPherson; Maria Gini.

DEEPSALT: Bridging Laboratory and Satellite Spectra through Domain Adaptation and Knowledge Distillation for Large-Scale Soil Salinity Estimation.
Paper presented at IEEE International Conference on Big Data 2025. Pallickara S, Pallickara S, Cotrufo F, Leuthold S, Bachinin A, Bin Faruk T,  Lewark E, Matin A, Dey R. 2025.

Towards Surrogate Models with Hybrid Spatial Neural Networks: A Summary of Results.
Paper presented at GeoSIM '25. Zhang S, Sharma A, Farhadloo M, Yang M, Zeng R, Ghosh S, Zhang Y, Shekhar S, Mulla DJ, Liu L et al. 2025.

Fine-Scale Soil Mapping in Alaska with Multimodal Machine Learning.
Paper presented at ACM SIGSPATIAL 2025. Jelinski NA, Chiang Y-Y, Nawrocki T,  Macander M,  Ives S, Sabine G, Brungard C, Chen T, Lin Y. 2025.

Subterra: Estimating Soil Moisture at Root Zone Depths Using Science-Guided Learning.
In Proceedings - 2025 IEEE Conference on Artificial Intelligence, CAI 2025. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. pp. 328-335. (Proceedings - 2025 IEEE Conference on Artificial Intelligence, CAI 2025). Pallickara S, Pallickara S, Mulla DJ, Niemann J, Khandelwal P. 2025. DOI: 10.1109/cai64502.2025.00060

Advancing AI in Agriculture through Large-Scale Collaborative Research.
Communications of the ACM. 68(12):78-86. Adve V, Brown S, Fern A, Ganapathysubramanian B, Kalyanaraman A, Shekhar S, Tagkopoulos I, Wedow J. 2025. DOI: 10.1145/3760437

Knowledge-Guided Machine Learning for Operational Flood Forecasting.
Water Resources Research. 61(11):Article e2024WR039064. McEachran ZP, Ghosh R, Renganathan A, Sharma Chatterjee S, Lindsay K, Steinbach M, Nieber J, Duffy C, Kumar V. 2025. DOI: 10.1029/2024WR039064

Discovering Super-Colocation Patterns: A Summary of Results.
In SSTD 2025 - Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Spatial and Temporal Data. Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. pp. 34-38. (SSTD 2025 - Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Spatial and Temporal Data). An S, Sadu SSKR, Sharma A, Farhadloo M, Shekhar S. 2025. DOI: 10.1145/3748777.3748790

Large CO₂ removal potential of woody debris preservation in managed forests (vol 18, pg 675, 2025).
Nature Geoscience. 18(8):809-809. Luo Y, Wei N, Lu X, Zhou Y, Tao F, Quan Q, Liao C, Jiang L, Xia J, Huang Y et al. 2025. DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01769-2

Science-Informed Multitask Transformer for Soil Property Prediction from FTIR Spectroscopy.
In Proceedings - 2025 IEEE International Conference on e-Science, eScience 2025. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. pp. 48-57. (Proceedings - 2025 IEEE International Conference on e-Science, eScience 2025). Bachinin A, Dey R, Khandelwal P, Leuthold S, Cotrufo MF, Pallickara S, Pallickara SL. 2025. DOI: 10.1109/escience65000.2025.00015

Earth-Economy Modeling: Advances in Linking Economic and Ecosystem Models.
Annual Review of Resource Economics. 17(1):209-239. Johnson JA, Chaplin-Kramer R, Chapman M, Polasky S, Williams B. 2025. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-resource-013024-033043

Multi-country pine species allocation under different climate scenarios.
Ecological Modelling. 510:Article 111330. Cavalheiro R, Vatsavai RR, Hodge G, Acosta JJ. 2025. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2025.111330

Archimedes: A Framework to Support Distributional Similarity Analysis over Arbitrary Spatiotemporal Scopes at Scale.
In Proceedings - 2025 IEEE 25th International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing, CCGrid 2025. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. pp. 215-225. (Proceedings - 2025 IEEE 25th International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing, CCGrid 2025). Hansen P, Orwick N, Barram K, Smith P, Breidt J, Pallickara SL, Pallickara S. 2025. DOI: 10.1109/ccgrid64434.2025.00057

Scale-Aware Recognition in Satellite Images Under Resource Constraints.
In 13th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2025. International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR. pp. 71438-71450. (13th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2025). Revankar S, Phoo CP, Mall U, Hariharan B, Bala K. 2025.

NeRF-LAI
A hybrid method combining neural radiance field and gap-fraction theory for deriving effective leaf area index of corn and soybean using multi-angle UAV images. Remote Sensing of Environment. 328:Article 114844. Yang Q, Zhou J, Zhao L, Jin Z. 2025. DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2025.114844

Large CO₂ removal potential of woody debris preservation in managed forests.
Nature Geoscience. 18(7):675-681. Luo Y, Wei N, Lu X, Zhou Y, Tao F, Quan Q, Liao C, Jiang L, Xia J, Huang Y et al. 2025. DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01731-2

Leveraging biodiversity to maximize nutrition and resilience of global fisheries.
Nature Sustainability. 8(7):753-762. Heilpern SA, Simon FW, Sethi SA, Fiorella KJ, Flecker AS, Gomes C, McIntyre PB. 2025. DOI: 10.1038/s41893-025-01577-x

Accounting for Spatial Variability.
Accounting for Spatial Variability with the Histogram of Oriented Gradients Based Masking Improves Performance of Masked Autoencoder over Hyperspectral Satellite Imagery. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Pallickara S, Pallickara S,  Bin Faruk T, Fatim A. 2025. 

Optimal transport for generating transition states in chemical reactions.
Nature Machine Intelligence. 7(4):615-626. Duan C, Liu GH, Du Y, Chen T, Zhao Q, Jia H, Gomes CP, Theodorou EA, Kulik HJ. 2025. DOI: 10.1038/s42256-025-01010-0

On Speeding Up Language Model Evaluation.
Paper presented at The Thirteenth International Conference on Learning Representations. Zhou JP, Belardi CK, Wu R, Zhang T, Gomes C, Sun W, Weinberger KQ. 2025.

Towards sustainable aquaculture in the Amazon.
Nature Sustainability. 8(3):234-244. Pacheco FS, Heilpern SA, Dileo C, Almeida RM, Sethi SA, Miranda M, Ray N, Barros NO, Cavali J, Costa C et al. 2025. DOI: 10.1038/s41893-024-01500-w

Constraint-aware Pareto Optimization for Tree-Structured Networks: Addressing Decarbonization Targets with Hydropower Expansion.
Paper presented at AAAI 2025. Grimson M, Qu Z, Ferber A, Pacheco FS, Heilpern S, Angarita H, Flecker A, Gomes C. 2025.

Learning to Explore and Exploit with GNNs for Unsupervised Combinatorial Optimization.
In The Thirteenth International Conference on Learning Representations. Acikalin UU, Ferber A, Gomes C. 2025.

Structural Estimation of Markov Decision Processes in High-Dimensional State Space with Finite-Time Guarantees.
Operations research. 73(2):720-737. Zeng S, Hong M, Garcia A. 2025. DOI: 10.1287/opre.2022.0511

Exposure to compound climate hazards transmitted via global agricultural trade networks.
Environmental Research Letters. 20(4):Article 044039. Keys PW, Barnes EA, Diffenbaugh NS, Hertel TW, Baldos ULC, Hedlund J. 2025. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/adb86a

Reduced Erosion Augments Soil Carbon Storage Under Cover Crops.
Global change biology. 31(3):Article e70133. Huang W, Jiang L, Zhou J, Kim HS, Xiao J, Luo Y. 2025. DOI: 10.1111/gcb.70133

Computational design for more engaged, impactful, and dynamic agricultural research.
Crop Science. 65(2):Article e70034. Kantar M, Ewing P, Bančič J, Fumia N, Garba I, Jamshidi S, Jannink JL, Jha P, Jungers J, Pathak H et al. 2025. DOI: 10.1002/csc2.70034

Time series predictions in unmonitored sites: a survey of machine learning techniques in water resources.
Environmental Data Science. 4:Article e7. Willard JD, Varadharajan C, Jia X, Kumar V. 2025. DOI: 10.1017/eds.2024.14

Towards Physics-Guided Foundation Models.
In AAAI 2025 Bridge on Knowledge-guided Machine Learning. Shekhar S, Farhadloo M, Sharma A, Yang M, Jayaprakash B, Northrop W. 2025.

Spatial Distribution-Shift Aware Knowledge-Guided Machine Learning.
Paper presented at AAAI 2025. Sharma A, Farhadloo M, Yang M, Zeng R, Ghosh S, Shekhar S. 2025.

Climate smart computing: A perspective.
Pervasive and Mobile Computing. 108:Article 102019. Yang M, Jayaprakash B, Ghosh S, Jung HT, Eagon M, Northrop WF, Shekhar S. 2025. DOI: 10.1016/j.pmcj.2025.102019

A geostatistical approach to enhancing national forest biomass assessments with Earth Observation to aid climate policy needs.
Remote Sensing of Environment. 318:Article 114557. Hunka N, May P, Babcock C, de la Rosa JAA, de los Ángeles Soriano-Luna M, Saucedo RM, Armston J, Santoro M, Suarez DR, Herold M et al. 2025. DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2024.114557

Characterizing and communicating uncertainty
November 26, 2024 | Environmental Research Letters
Robert E Kennedy, Shawn P Serbin, Michael C Dietze, Hans-Erik Andersen, Chad Babcock, David F Baker, Molly E Brown, Kenneth J Davis, Laura Duncanson, Sha Feng, Andrew T Hudak, Junjie Liu, Paul L Patterson, Brett Raczka, Mark A Cochrane, Edil A Sepúlveda Carlo and Rodrigo Vargas

DeepSoil: A Science-guided Framework for Generating High Precision Soil Moisture Maps by Reconciling Measurement Profiles Across In-situ and Remote Sensing Data
November 22, 2024 | ACM Digital Library
Paahuni Khandelwal, Sangmi Lee Pallickara, and Shrideep Pallickara

MiTREE: Multi-input Transformer Ecoregion Encoder for Species Distribution Modelling
November 18, 2024 | ACM Digital Library
Theresa Chen, Yao-Yi Chiang

Changes in the Yield Effect of the Preceding Crop in the US Corn Belt Under a Warming Climate
November 12, 2024 | Wiley Online Library
Junxiong Zhou, Peng Zhu, Dan M. Kluger, David B. Lobell, Zhenong Jin

Geospatial Foundation Models: Recent Advances and Applications
October 29, 2024 | ACM Digital Library
Ranga Raju Vatsavai

SHARE: A Distributed Learning Framework for Multivariate Time-Series Forecasting
October 7, 2024 | IEEE Xplore
Wei Ye, Prashant Khanduri, Jiangweizhi Peng, Feng Tian, Jun Gao, Jie Ding

Spatial Computing Opportunities in Biomedical Decision Support
September 25, 2024 | ACM Digital Library
Majid Farhadloo, Arun Sharma, Shashi Shekhar, Svetomir Markovic

Climate change exacerbates the environmental impacts of agriculture
September 6, 2024 | Science
Yi Yang, David Tilman, Zhenong Jin, Pete Smith, Christopher B. Barrett, Yong-Guan Zhu, Jennifer Burney, Paolo D’Odorico, Peter Fantke, Joe Fargione, Jacques C. Finlay, Maria Cristina Rulli, Lindsey Sloat, Kees Jan van Groenigen, Paul C. West, Lewis Ziska, Anna M. Michalak, the Clim-Ag Team, and David B. Lobell

Precision Agriculture Survey: Ag Retailers Share What They Think About AI, Drones and Other Technologies
July 15, 2024 | CropLife
Erickson, B., & Lowenberg-DeBoer, J.

Global Adoption of Precision Agriculture: An Update on Trends and Emerging Technologies
June 21, 2024 | ACS Publications
Tianhong Tan, Giulio Genova, Gerard B. M. Heuvelink, Johannes Lehmann, Laura Poggiom Dominic Woolf, and Fengqi You

Importance of Terrain and Climate for Predicting Soil Organic Carbon Is Highly Variable across Local to Continental Scales
June 21, 2024 | Environmental Science & Technology | Vol 58, Issue 26
Tianhong Tan, Giulio Genova, Gerard B. M. Heuvelink, Johannes Lehmann, Laura Poggio, Dominic Woolf, and Fengqi You

Land Use Change Alters Soil Organic Carbon
May 14, 2024 | Advancing Earth and Space Sciences
Xingzhao Huang, Muhammed Mustapha Ibrahim, Yiqi Luo, Lifen Jiang, Ji Chen, Enqing Hou

Convergence in simulating global soil organic carbon by structurally different models after data assimilation
May 13, 2024 | Wiley Online Library
Feng Tao, Benjamin Z. Houlton, Yuanyuan Huang, Ying-Ping Wang, Stefano Manzoni, Bernhard Ahrens, Umakant Mishra, Lifen Jiang, Xiaomeng Huang, Yiqi Luo

Prescribed Fire Modeling using Knowledge-Guided Machine Learning for Land Management
May 2024 | SIAM International Conference on Data Mining | Best Application Paper Award
Somya Sharma Chatterjee, Kelly Lindsay, Neel Chatterjee, Rohan Patil, Ilkay Altintas De Callafon, Michael Steinbach, Daniel Giron, Mai H. Nguyen, and Vipin Kumar

A Framework for Profiling Spatial Variability in the Performance of Classification Models
April 3, 2024 | ACM Digital Library
Menuka Warushavithana, Kassidy Barram, Caleb Carlson, Saptashwa Mitra, Sudipto Ghosh, Jay Breidt, Sangmi Pallickara, Shrideep Pallickara

Rubiks: Rapid Explorations and Summarization over High Dimensional Spatiotemporal Datasets
April 3, 2024 | ACM Digital Library
Saptashwa Mitra, Matt Young, Jay Breidt, Sangmi Pallickara, Shrideep Pallickara

Models to Support Forest Inventory and Small Area Estimation Using Sparsely Sampled LiDAR
March 13, 2024 | Springer Nature Link
Andrew O. Finley, Hans-Erik Andersen, Chad Babcock, Bruce D. Cook, Douglas C. Morton & Sudipto Banerjee 

Reply to Model uncertainty obscures major driver of soil carbon
March 6, 2024 | Nature
Feng Tao, Benjamin Z. Houlton, Serita D. Frey, Johannes Lehmann, Stefano Manzoni, Yuanyuan Huang, Lifen Jiang, Umakant Mishra, Bruce A. Hungate, Michael W. I. Schmidt, Markus Reichstein, Nuno Carvalhais, Philippe Ciais, Ying-Ping Wang, Bernhard Ahrens, Gustaf Hugelius, Toby D. Hocking, Xingjie Lu, Zheng Shi, Kostiantyn Viatkin, Ronald Vargas, Yusuf Yigini, Christian Omuto, Ashish A. Malik, Guillermo Peralta, Rosa Cuevas-Corona, Luciano E. Di Paolo, Isabel Luotto, Cuijuan Liao, Yi-Shuang Liang, Vinisa S. Saynes, Xiaomeng Huang & Yiqi Luo

Economics of strip cropping with autonomous machines
February 9, 2024 |  American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America
A. K. M. Abdullah Al-Amin, James Lowenberg‑DeBoer, Bruce J. Erickson, John T. Evans, Michael R. Langemeier, Kit Franklin, Karl Behrendt

Reply to "Beyond microbial carbon use efficiency"
February 7, 2024 | National Science Review
Feng Tao, Johannes Lehmann, Ying-Ping Wang, Lifen Jiang, Bernhard Ahrens, Kostiantyn Viatkin, Stefano Manzoni, Benjamin Z Houlton, Yuanyuan Huang, Xiaomeng Huang, Yiqi Luo 

Dietary change is not a prerequisite for effective biodiversity conservation but reduces socioeconomic obstacles
February 2024 | ThermoFisher Scientific
Patrick José von Jeetze, Isabelle Weindl, Justin Johnson, Pasquale Borrelli, Panos Panagos, Tobias Meyer, Florian Humpenöder, Pascal Sauer, Jan Dietrich, Hermann Lotze-Campen, Alexander Popp

Revealing the hidden carbon in forested wetland soils
January 25, 2024 | Nature Communications
Anthony J. Stewart, Meghan Halabisky, Chad Babcock, David E. Butman, David V. D’Amore & L. Monika Moskal 

Mapping the planet’s critical areas for biodiversity and nature’s contributions to people
January 10, 2024 | Nature Communications
Rachel A. Neugarten, Rebecca Chaplin-Kramer, Richard P. Sharp, Richard Schuster, Matthew Strimas-Mackey, Patrick R. Roehrdanz, Mark Mulligan, Arnout van Soesbergen, David Hole, Christina M. Kennedy, James R. Oakleaf, Justin A. Johnson, Joseph Kiesecker, Stephen Polasky, Jeffrey O. Hanson & Amanda D. Rodewald 

Quantifying and correcting geolocation error in spaceborne LiDAR forest canopy observations using high spatial accuracy data
January 8, 2024 | Wiley Online Library
Elliot S. Shannon, Andrew O. Finley, Daniel J. Hayes, Sylvia N. Noralez, Aaron R. Weiskittel, Bruce D. Cook, Chad Babcock

Knowledge-guided machine learning can improve carbon cycle quantification in agroecosystems 
January 08, 2024 | Nature Communications
Licheng Liu, Wang Zhou, Kaiyu Guan, Bin Peng, Shaoming Xu, Jinyun Tang, Qing Zhu, Jessica Till, Xiaowei Jia, Chongya Jiang, Sheng Wang, Ziqi Qin, Hui Kong, Robert Grant, Symon Mezbahuddin, Vipin Kumar & Zhenong Jin

AQUA: A Framework for Spatiotemporal Analysis and Visualizations of Water Quality Data at Scale
January 2024 | IEEE Xplore
Matthew Young; Sangmi Pallickara; Shrideep Pallickara

Land-Use Decisions Have Substantial Air Quality Health Effects
December 15, 2023 | ACS Publications
Sumil K. Thakrar, Justin A. Johnson, and Stephen Polasky

Precision Agriculture Dealership Survey Results
December 2023
Erickson, B., & Lowenberg-DeBoer, J.

Global crop production increase by soil organic carbon
October 30, 2023 | Nature Geoscience
Yuqing Ma, Dominic Woolf, Mingsheng Fan, Lei Qiao, Rong Li & Johannes Lehmann 

Paying Attention to Wildfire: Using U-Net with Attention Blocks on Multimodal Data for Next Day Prediction
October, 9, 2023 | ACM Digital Library
Jack Fitzgerald, Ethan Seefried, James E Yost, Sangmi Pallickara, Nathaniel Blanchard

Precision Survey: Ag Dealers Respond to Marketplace Shifts
July 16, 2023 | CropLife
Erickson, B., & Lowenberg-DeBoer, J.