Engineering Intelligent Neuromodulation: From Biomarker Algorithms to Closed-Loop and Dynamic Stimulation

Professor Rosana Esteller at ECE 2026 Spring Colloquium

Neuromodulation is shifting from conventional open-loop therapy toward intelligent systems that integrate sensing, signal processing, modeling, and adaptive stimulation. This talk frames neuromodulation as an engineering problem in which biomarker algorithms estimate physiologic state, closed-loop systems use feedback to adjust therapy, and dynamic stimulation strategies expand control beyond conventional static pulse trains. Drawing on translational work in implantable neurotechnology, the presentation will discuss the design of biomarker-driven algorithms, practical constraints in real-time closed-loop implementation, and the biophysical rationale for time-varying stimulation. Together, these approaches highlight how engineering can enable more precise, personalized, and effective neuromodulation therapies.