A potential role for stress-induced microbial alterations in IgA-associated irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea [journal]
Journal
Cell Reports Medicine - October 20, 2020
Authors
Sunaina Rengarajan, Kathryn A Knoop, Arvind Rengarajan, Jiani N Chai, Jose G Grajales-Reyes, Vijay K Samineni, Emilie V Russler-Germain, Prabha Ranganathan, Alessio Fasano, Gregory S Sayuk, Robert W Gereau IV, Andrew L Kau, Dan Knights (professor), Purna C Kashyap, Matthew A Ciorba, Rodney D Newberry, Chyi-Song Hsieh
Abstract
Stress is a known trigger for flares of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); however, this process is not well understood. Here, we find that restraint stress in mice leads to signs of diarrhea, fecal dysbiosis, and a barrier defect via the opening of goblet-cell associated passages. Notably, stress increases host immunity to gut bacteria as assessed by immunoglobulin A (IgA)-bound gut bacteria. Stress-induced microbial changes are necessary and sufficient to elicit these effects. Moreover, similar to mice, many diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) patients from two cohorts display increased antibacterial immunity as assessed by IgA-bound fecal bacteria. This antibacterial IgA response in IBS-D correlates with somatic symptom severity and was distinct from healthy controls or IBD patients. These findings suggest that stress may play an important role in patients with IgA-associated IBS-D by disrupting the intestinal microbial community that alters gastrointestinal function and host immunity to commensal bacteria.
Link to full paper
Keywords
bioinformatics, computational biology